![]() Its graphical user interface was built on top of an object-oriented GUI toolkit using the Objective-C programming language. The kernel of NeXTSTEP is based upon the Mach kernel, which was originally developed at Carnegie Mellon University, with additional kernel layers and low-level user space code derived from parts of BSD. There, the Unix-like NeXTSTEP operating system was developed, before being launched in 1989. The heritage of what would become macOS had originated at NeXT, a company founded by Steve Jobs following his departure from Apple in 1985. In 2020, Apple began the Apple silicon transition, using self-designed, 64-bit ARM-based Apple M series processors on the latest Macintosh computers. In 2006, Apple transitioned to the Intel architecture with a line of Macs using Intel Core processors. MacOS has supported three major processor architectures, beginning with PowerPC-based Macs in 1999. After sixteen distinct versions of macOS 10, macOS Big Sur was presented as version 11 in 2020, macOS Monterey was presented as version 12 in 2021, and macOS Ventura was presented as version 13 in 2022. Apple shortened the name to "OS X" in 2011 and then changed it to "macOS" in 2016 to align with the branding of Apple's other operating systems, iOS, watchOS, and tvOS. Apple's other operating systems ( iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, tvOS, audioOS) are derivatives of macOS.Ī prominent part of macOS's original brand identity was the use of Roman numeral X, pronounced "ten" as in Mac OS X and also the iPhone X, as well as code naming each release after species of big cats, or places within California. ![]() All releases from Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard and after are UNIX 03 certified, with an exception for OS X 10.7 Lion. The first desktop version, Mac OS X 10.0, was released in March 2001, with its first update, 10.1, arriving later that year. During this time, Apple cofounder Steve Jobs had left Apple and started another company, NeXT, developing the NeXTSTEP platform that would later be acquired by Apple to form the basis of macOS. MacOS succeeded the classic Mac OS, a Mac operating system with nine releases from 1984 to 1999. Within the market of desktop and laptop computers, it is the second most widely used desktop OS, after Microsoft Windows and ahead of ChromeOS. It is the primary operating system for Apple's Mac computers. This may require hardware upgrades.MacOS ( / ˌ m æ k oʊ ˈ ɛ s/ previously OS X and originally Mac OS X) is a Unix operating system developed and marketed by Apple Inc. You might consider upgrading to a Nvme SSD.įinally, upgrade to Mojave. If you are using a HDD then you may discover the Mac will run much slower than High Sierra without APFS. Upgrading to Mojave will require using APFS. I should first point out Tetsujin has a more extensive answer to the question How can I download an older version of OS X/macOS?Īlthough upgrading from a USB flash drive installer may be optional, I will include this Apple article on how to do so. This Apple article explains how to download older versions of OS X and macOS. ![]() The upgrade to High Sierra will also upgrade the firmware so your Mac can boot from APFS.Īccording to this Apple article, you can upgrade to El Capitan (10.11.X) from Lion (10.7.X). You will also probably need to upgrade your graphics card.Īccording to this Apple article to need to first be running at least Mountain Lion (10.8.X), before upgrading to High Sierra. However, according to this Apple article, you need to first be running at least High Sierra (10.13.6). According to, the latest version of macOS for your Mac is Mojave (10.14.X). ![]()
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